A kurzus kódjai: BMA-FILD-236.36 BMA-FILD-402.136 
+ kellene még: Logika és Tudományfilozófia MA kód + Erasmus kód, + Anal Fil doktori kód	
A kurzus megnevezése: Az analitikus filozófia története	
Title of the course: History of Analytic Philosophy	
A kurzus előadója/lecturer: Ambrus Gergely, PhD	
A kurzus nyelve/language of the course: English	
A kurzus előfeltétele(i)/preconditions of registering for the course: --	
Az oktatás célja: A kurzus elvégzésével a hallgatók alapozó ismeretekre tesznek szert a 20. századi filozófia egyik meghatározó irányzatának főbb téziseivel és történetével kapcsolatban.
Az oktatás tartalma: A kurzus bevezetést nyújt az analitikus filozófia klasszikus korszakának legfontosabb témáihoz, ezen belül a korai brit analitikus filozófiára és a logikai empirista mozgalomra fókuszálva. A tárgyalandó szerzők, többek között: Russell, Moore, Wittgenstein, Carnap, Schlick, Neurath, Reichenbach.
A jegyszerzés követelményei: 1) aktív órai részvétel, 2) kiselőadás, 3) szemináriumi dolgozat.
Minden szöveg elérhető lesz a kurzus Teams site-ján.

Aim of the course: By completing the course, students will acquire foundational knowledge of the main theses and historical development of one of the most influential movements of twentieth-century philosophy. 
Course content: The course introduces the key topics of the classical period of analytic philosophy, with a particular focus on early British analytic philosophy and the logical empiricist movement. The authors discussed include, among others: Russell, Moore, Wittgenstein, Carnap, Schlick, Neurath, and Reichenbach.
System of assessment and evaluation: Requirements for obtaining a grade: 1) active participation in class, 2) presentation, 3) seminar paper.
All readings will be available on the course site on Teams.	

Detailed Content of the Course

INTRODUCTION: GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF ANALYTIC PHILOSOPHY
Schools and movements in classical analytical philosophy: common features and differences. The historical context: the prehistory of analytic philosophy; their rivals and philosophical opponents.

I. EARLY ANALYTIC PHILOSOPHY

I. 1. THE PHILOSOPHICAL DEVELOPMENT OF RUSSELL AND MOORE (1895-1920): LOGIC AND ONTOLOGY
The Beginnings: Idealism and the Critique of Idealism (1895-97)
Russell (1959): Chapter V. Revolt into Pluralism, My Philosophical Development; 
Russell (1907). On the Nature of Truth. Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society 7. 28-49.
Moore (1903). The Refutation of Idealism.
Stage 1: Ontological Pluralism (1897-1905)
Russell (1903): Principles of Mathematics (excerpts), in Russell-Mumford: Russell on Metaphysics, 66-76.
Moore (1903/1993): Principia Ethica. Chapter 1. Sections 1-14., Moore (1922) The Conception of Intrinsic Value  in Moore (1903/1993), 280-289.
Stage 2: Moderate Realism (ca. 1905-1912)
Russell (1905): On Denotation.
Background: Russell (1904): The Existential Import of Propositions; Russell (1905-7): 3 Letters to Meinong.
Stage 3: Further Narrowing of Moderate Realism: Occamism and Logical Constructions (1912-1920)
3.1. The Set-theoretical Construction of the Concept of Number
Russell (1919). ch. 1. The Series of Natural Numbers, ch. 2. The Definition of Number. In Introduction to Mathematical Philosophy.
3.2.1. Representative Realism: Physical Objects and the Self 
Russell (1910-11): Knowledge by Acquaintance and Knowledge by Description.
3.2.2. Phenomenalist Constructionism: Physical Objects and the Self 
Russell (1914). 3. Lecture: Our Knowledge of the External World, in Our Knowledge of the External World. Background: Russell (1914)The Relation of Sense-Data to Physics; Russell (1915) The Ultimate Constituents of Matter.
Stage 4. Logical Atomist Ontology (1914-mid-1920s)
Russell (1918-19) The Philosophy of Logical Atomism (excerpts).

I.2. EARLY WITTGENSTEIN
1. The Overall Aim of the Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus (TLP); the Relationship between Logic and Philosophy
Preface, TLP 3.23-25, 4.003-4.0031; 4.11-4.116; 6.53.
Background: Glock: ‘Philosophy’ (292-294.), Fogelin: chap. 6. The Tractatus, in Fogelin-Jones.
2 Ontology: Wittgenstein's Logical Atomism 
TLP 1.-4.02. 
Background: Glock: ‘Philosophy’, ‘Picture Theory'’ ‘Meaning’, ‘Logical Form’.
3. Solipsism, the Limits of Language, Linguistic Mysticism
TLP 4-4.0031, 5.55-5.641; 7.
Background: Glock: ‘Solipsism’, ‘Philosophy’, ‘Mysticism’, ‘Ethics’, ‘Nonsense’.
Laws of Nature
TLP 6.32-6.372.
Ethics and Mysticism
TLP 6.41-6.521.
Background: Zemach (1966): Wittgenstein’s Philosophy of Mystical; McGuiness (1966): The Mysticism of the Tractatus.

II. THE VIENNA CIRCLE AND LOGICAL EMPIRICISM
1. The Nature of Philosophy: Anti-metaphysics and Logical Analysis
Schlick (1930-31): The Turning Point of Philosophy.
Carnap (1931): The Elimination of Metaphysics through the Logical Analysis of Language.

2. The Relationship between Science and Philosophy in General
2.1. The Construction System of Scientific Concepts
Carnap (1928/1967): The Logical Structure of the World (Aufbau) (excerpts).
2.2. The Scientific Language Program 
Carnap (1932/1934): The Unity of Science (excerpts).
2.3. The Criterion of Cognitive Meaningfulness: Verificationism, Confirmationism and the Protocol Sentence Debate
Neurath (1932): Protocol Sentences.
Carnap (1932): On Protocol Sentences.
Schlick (1934): On the Foundation of Knowledge.
Carnap (1936-7): Testability and Meaning.
2.4. Philosophy and the Logical Syntax of Language
Carnap (1935): Philosophy and Logical Syntax (excerpts).
2.5. The Physicalism Project: Physical Language and Unified Science
Carnap (1932/1934): The Unity of Science (excerpts), Carnap (1932/1959): Psychology in Physical Language (excerpts).
3. Philosophy of Mathematics and Logic
Carnap (1930–31): The Old and the New Logic. 
Hahn (1933): Logic, Mathematics, and Knowledge of Nature.
Ayer (1936): chap. 4. The A Priori, in Language, Truth and Logic.
4. Philosophy of the Empirical Sciences
4.1. Philosophy of the Natural Sciences
Reichenbach (1931): The Methods and Aims of the Philosophy of Nature.
Schlick (1932): Causality in Everyday Life and in Modern Science.
4.2. Philosophy of Psychology
The Self; Mental States: the Meaning of Sensation Reports and Belief Reports; The Psycho-Physical Problem
Carnap (1928/1963): Aufbau (excerpts); Carnap (1932/1934): The Unity of Science (excerpts); Carnap (1932/1959): Psychology in Physical Language (excerpts); Carnap (1963): Herbert Feigl on Physicalism.

4.3. Philosophy of the Social Sciences (Ethics, Sociology, History)
4.3.1. Emotivist Ethics 
Schlick (1930/1939): Problems of Ethics, Chapter 1. 
4.3.2. Physicalist Sociology
Neurath (1931-32): Sociology in the Framework of Physicalism.
4.3.3. Explanation in Social Science: the Covering-Law Model
Hempel (1942): The Function of General Laws in History; Hempel (1945): Studies in the Logic of Confirmation.

III. LATER WITTGENSTEIN
1. The Critique of the Augustinian Conception of Language and of the Ideal Language Program
Wittgenstein (1953): Philosophical Investigations §§. 1–133.
2. Private Language
Wittgenstein (1953): Philosophical Investigations §§. 243–315.	

Required readings: 
See above. 
Sources of the texts
Ayer (ed.): Logical Positivism (The Free Press, 1959). Carnap: The Logical Structure of the World (University of California Press, 1967). Original: Der Logische Aufbau der Welt (Weltkreis, 1928). Moore: Principia Ethica (Cambridge University Press, 1993). Moore: Selected Writings, T. Baldwin (ed.) (Routledge, 1993). Russell: Mysticism and Logic and Other Essays (Longmans, Green & Co., 1918). Russell: Logic and Knowledge, R.C. Marsh (ed.) (Allan and Unwin, 1950). Wittgenstein: Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus (many editions, 1921/1922).

Suggested further readings: 
Ayer (ed.): Logical Positivism (The Free Press, 1959). Black: A Companion to Wittgenstein’s Tractatus (Cambridge University Press, 1964). Coffa: The Semantic Tradition from Kant to Carnap (Cambridge University Press, 1991)  Copi–Beard (eds.): Essays on Wittgenstein’s Tractatus (Routledge, 1966). Dummett: The Origins of Analytic Philosophy (Duckworth, 1993). Friedman: Reconsidering Logical Positivism (Cambridge University Press, 1999). Kraft: The Vienna Circle: The Origin of Neo-Positivism, a Chapter in the History of Recent Philosophy (Greenwood, 1950/1953). Glock: A Wittgenstein Dictionary (Blackwell, 1996). Limbeck-Lilienau – Stadler: Der Wiener Kreis: Texte und Bilder zum Logischen Empirismus (LIT, 2015). McGuiness (ed.): Ludwig Wittgenstein and the Vienna Circle (Wiley-Blackwell, 1979); McGinn, M. Routledge Philosophy Guidebook to Wittgenstein and the Philosophical Investigations (Routledge, 2013). Rorty (ed.): The Linguistic Turn (University of Chicago Press, 1967). Russell: My Philosophical Development (George, Allen and Unwin, 1959). Siegetsleitner: Ethics and Morality in the Vienna Circle, in Vienna Circle Institute Yearbook 26:17-31 (Springer, 2022); Soames: Philosophical Analysis in the 20th Century, vol 1-2. (Princeton University Press, 2003), Soames: The Analytic Tradition in Philosophy, vol. 1-2. (Princeton University Press 2014, 2018). Sarkar: The Vienna Circle. The Story of Logical Empiricism (Routledge, 2024). Sigmund: Exact Thinking in Demented Times: The Vienna Circle and the Epic Quest for the Foundations of Science (Basic Books, 2017). Stadler: The Vienna Circle: Studies in the Origins, Development and Influence of Logical Empiricism (Springer, 1997/2015). Urmson: Philosophical Analysis (Clarendon, 1956).