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The Forum is open to everyone, including students, visitors, and faculty members from all departments and institutes!

The 60 minute lecture is followed by a 10 minute break and a 30-60 minute discussion. The language of presentation is English or Hungarian.


The scope of the Forum includes all aspects of theoretical philosophy, including:

  • logic and philosophy of formal sciences
  • philosophy of science
  • modern metaphysics
  • epistemology
  • philosophy of language
  • problems in history of philosophy and history of science, relevant to the above topics
  • particular issues in natural and social sciences, important for the discourses in the main scope of the Forum.

Location













7 May (Wednesday) 5:00 PM  Room 226
Attila Molnár
Department of Logic, Institute of Philosophy, Eötvös University, Budapest
 
Modal logic of clocks in relativistic spacetime*

* Lecture Prospectus (Logic and Philosophy of Science PhD Program)
In 1980, R. Goldblatt proved that the modal logic S4.2 characterizes Minkowski spacetimes; the possible worlds represent events of a Minkowski spacetime, and the intended interpretation of the modal operator is ``it is now or it will be the case in the causal future that''.
Unfortunately, the expressive power of this logic is very limited; it describes the properties of the causality relation, but such fundamental relativistic effects as the twin paradox, time-dilation, relativity of simultaneity, length contraction, asynchronicity of moving clocks are barely expressible in this propositional logic. More than 30 years later, we still lack a simple modal logic which has this desired expressive power. However, recent results in the fields of quantified modal logic (e.g. Goldblatt's recent book on quantified modal logics) and axiomatic operational foundations of relativity theories (J. Ax's theory revised by H. Andréka and I. Németi, and the operational approach of L. E. Szabó) made it possible to continue this work.

In this presentation, we will modalize the first-order theory of reals to express notions such as time, space, speed and coordinates. The worlds, again as in Goldblatt celebrated paper, will represent the events of a Minkowski spacetime, while modality will represent a slightly different action concerning the past: ``It is visible that'' or ``it was the case in the lightlike separated past that''. In our theory, we will not use any more relation than the language of reals; the modal novelty will be the presence of non-rigid designators to deal with the clocks of observers. Our aim is to show that systems of this kind are capable of expressing the fundamental relativistic effects, and at the same time, to make a first step towards a connection of the logical-axiomatic operational foundations of spacetime and the research inspired by Prior and Goldblatt such as theories of branching spacetimes (e.g. works of Belnap, Placek, etc.).


14 May (Wednesday) 5:00 PM  Room 226
Vera Békés
Institute of Philosophy,  Research Center for the Humanities,
 Hungarian Academy of Sciences
 
A Lichtenberg-figurák és a test-lélek probléma
(The Lichtenberg figures and the mind-body problem)
Georg Christoph Lichtenberg (1742-1799) szerteágazó életművének utóéletében jellegzetes hullámzás tapasztalható: népszerűsége a huszadik század elején pl. csúcsokat döntögetett, más időkben pedig még a neve is az ismeretlenségbe süllyedt. A 18. sz-i göttingai fizikaprofesszor heurisztikus gondolatai főként aforizmáin keresztül hatottak, de fizikai feljegyzései is nem egyszer komoly kiinduló pontul szolgáltak olyan tudósok számára, mint pl. Ernst Mach. Kiderült utóbb az is, hogy egykori látványos kísérleteinek gyakorlati jelentősége is van: az általa felfedezett elektrosztatikus mintázatok - por-ábrák - elvére épül pl. a fénymásoló gép is. Újabban, elsősorban a fraktálgeometria és a skálafüggetlen hálózatok elméletének kibontakozása nyomán kerültek ismét előtérbe a Lichtenberg-figurák, vagyis úgy tűnik, hogy ezen ábrák matematikailag megragadható természete is tartogat további izgalmas problémákat.

Az előadásban néhány kulcsfontosságú aforizmájának elemzésével amellett érvelek, hogy nagyon szoros összefüggés van Lichtenberg tudományos meggyőződése és fizikai (egyebek közt elektrosztatikai) kísérletei valamint anti-karteziánus álláspontja között a test-lélek felfogással kapcsolatos kortárs vitában. Ezzel azt is igazolni kívánom, hogy Lichtenberg jól ismert, nagyon mély nyelvkritikai belátásai nem magányos szigetet jelentenek szerteágazó nézeteinek tengerében: a mai kutatások fényében kirajzolódó komplex Lichtenberg-kép talán kevésbé töredezett, mint azt korábbi interpretátorai gondolták.


21 May (Wednesday) 5:00 PM  Room 226
Gábor Hofer-Szabó* and Péter Vecsernyés**
* Institute of Philosophy,  Research Center for the Humanities,
 Hungarian Academy of Sciences

** Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences
 
Bell's local causality in local classical and quantum theory
The paper aims to give a clear-cut definition of Bell's notion of local causality. Having provided a framework, called local physical theory, which integrates probabilistic and spatiotemporal concepts, we formulate the notion of local causality and relate it to other locality and causality concepts. Then we compare Bell's local causality with Reichenbach's Common Cause Principle and relate both to the Bell inequalities. We find a nice parallelism: both local causality and the Common Cause Principle are more general notions than captured by the Bell inequalities. Namely, Bell inequalities cannot be derived neither from local causality nor from a common cause unless the local physical theory is classical